41) Fiqh Sunnati:

The term 'Fiqh' was defined earlier. 'Sunnati' is a method transmitted to us by the ancients. With this explanation the Fiqh-e-Sunnati or traditional religious jurisprudence is a method for deducing and extracting the religious rules and decrees from authentic and reliable sources, a procedure pursued by the foqaha (learned scholars) of the Shia denomination from the earliest days of the Infallible Imams to the present and they accept no alternative for it.

42) The Primary and Secondary Decrees:

The Book and Tradition embody many of the laws or precepts concerning social relations needed by the Muslims and their decrees are specified in whole or in part. This group of commands are known as the primary decrees. However in the administration of the society the Islamic government, sometimes, faces issues and problems for which primary decrees do not point to a solution. In instances like this, Islam has empowered the governor to use his sovereign right of walayat or guardianship and, by considering the interests or expediencies of the society, legislate a set of rules and regulations and thereby solve those difficulties. This kind or group of laws or rules are interpreted as the secondary decrees.

43) Friday Ma" Prayers:

The Friday mass prayer is one of Islam's major worship and social rituals. It is performed every Friday in congregation of believers. The Imam joma`h leads the affair. Prior to the start of prayer, the leader of the mass performs two sermons during which he acquaints the Muslims with their individual and social duties and obligations and apprises them of the current problems of the country and the world and Islamic issues. The Friday mass is a tradition of the Prophet (S.A.W) and the Infallible Imams. It is so important that even prison inmates must participate in it. In the course of Islamic history nothing has been as effective as the Friday Mass in unifying people and imparting information and awareness to them. For this reason despotic rulers have spared no effort to abolish or pervert it.

44) The daily congregational prayers:

In the divine disciplines of the prophets, Nemaz or prayer is the ascension of the terrestrial man to the highest moral stature and a mean for approach to the Creator of the world, He who prevents man's depravity and mental pollution. On the other hand, the Nemaz or prayers, if said in congregation with its particular characteristics, develops an ideal society and purges human societies of pollution and rust. It is by means of this support that the Islamic government can approach its goals and achieve unity which is one of the divine covenants of the prophets and is emphatically recommended by the lmams (A.S). Saying prayers in congregation is confirmed and emphasised by the great authorities of the religion.

45) Mourning Ceremonies:

Mourning ceremonies applies to a series of ceremonies performed to commemorate the Ashura (10th of the month of Muharram), the martyrdom of Imam Hosein(A.S), the Master of all Martyrs and the 72 persons (family members and supporters of Hosein (A.S)) who were martyred in the great tragedy. The Ashura rites are also intended to keep alive the memories of the struggles of the seekers and leaders of truth and justice against the agents of arrogance, oppression and atheism in all history. The Shiite Muslims have such inner, cordial relation with the Martyr of Karbala (Imam Hossein (A.S)) that cannot be fathomed except by observation of these mourning ceremonies and actual dramatization scenes that depict profound concepts like Hejira, enjoining to good and forbidding evil, jIhad (crusade), martyrdom, imprisonment for the sake of God, and many other concepts.

46) Ahl-e Bayt (The Household of the prophet):

In common usage, the terms 'ahl-e-bayt" and family refer to those who live in a man's house and all together make up his household which includes wife, sons, daughters, and servants. Unimpeachable narratives, recorded and quoted in both Sunni and Shiite books and other sources, indicate that the term 'Ahl-e-bayt' is a 'blessing' that applies to the Prophet (S.A.W), Ali, Fatima, Hassan and Hossein exclusively. However, according to these narratives and others, nine other infallible imams who are of Imam Hossein's progeny are included in the ahl-el-Bayt or Household. Thus the Ahl-e-bayt are the 14 infallible mentioned before. The Holy Quran recommends love for the Ahl-e-bayt or the Prophet's Household by the Muslim Ummat. Such love is deemed as the reward of the Prophet (S-A.W).

47) Bani Umayyads:

Mua`viah, son of Abu Sufyan and grandchild of Omayya declared himself the Caliph of Muslims in 41 ah. (662 ad.) just after his Holiness Imam Ali (A.S) was martyred. The Omayyad clan held the caliphate until 132 ah. (750 ad.). the Omayyad rulers revived aristocracy and the, hereditary monarchy which is in sharp conflict with basic Muslim tenets of faith. History is replete with accounts of painful events that have occurred in the Islamic world during the Omayyad rule, events like the ruthless massacre, imprisonment and banishment of the Household of the Prophet (S.A.W) (the Ahl-e-bayt), the martyrdom of Imam Hossein (A.S) by agents of Yazid (son of Mua`viah), etc.

48) The Shiite:

The word 'Shiite' means a group of helpers and followers. Consideration of basic standards of the leader of the Ummat (nation) from an Islamic view point and consideration of all that the Prophet (S-A.W) has said about the sovereign rule of Ali (A.S), from the earliest days after the ascension of the Prophet (S.A.W), made a number of prominent Muslims and companions of the Prophet to rise in support of Hazrat Ali (A.S). This group, that is, the group who were supporters and followers of Ali and believed in his sovereignty and leadership were named the 'Shiite'. To say the least, Shiism holds to nothing other than and in excess of the basic tenets and teachings of Islam. It seeks the institution of Islamic principle of governmental rule in its true form insuring the implementation of justice.

49) The Living Martyrs:

The term live or living martyr is a term applied to the maimed and disabled veterans of the revolution and the imposed war. These noble individuals entered the arenas of martyrdom with the aim of destroying the enemy and to insure the victory of truth over falsehood. But divine grace did not will their martyrdom and they, by the offer of their limbs, earned the blessings that accrue a shahid (martyr). In the Islamic revolutionary society the living martyrs are entitled to and enjoy special privileges, values and credits.

50) Brother-in-Faith:

A certain Quranic verse of the Sura AI-Hujurat (The Chambers) states: "... Mo`menin are brothers to one another..." Bear in mind that this verse legislates a rule among the Muslims and establishes a tradition for the first time and that is the kinship of brotherhood which has a profound meaning with religious, canonical, legal and lawful implications. This tradition which is an Islamic covenant, conceived and promulgated by the Holy Prophet, enjoys a supreme worth in Islamic teachings. It imparts ample blessings to the Islamic Ummat (nation) and can lay claim to most tender arguments.